SATM 5.4 Systems Thinking as a Transdiscipline

Systems thinking is then a general term used to denote the theories, methodologies, models, tools and techniques, which are based on systems ideas and concepts and are employed by those who argue for a systems approach.

Applied systems thinkers are interested in systems research, in the development and enhancement of systems theories, methodologies and models, but in a "Mode 2" rather than "Mode 1" form.

Systems methodologies reflect particular theoretical positions. They also provide principles for the use of the various systems models, methods, tools and techniques in practice. Systems methodologies represent to the applied systems thinker the kind of "transferable problem solving capability" that is essential in Mode 2 research.

Is it then possible to regard systems thinking as a discipline in its own right? The answer seems to be definitely no, because it does not seek to delimit a particular area of reality for study which it can call its own; at least not in the same way as do chemistry, geography or sociology.

Systems thinking is probably best regarded as a transdiscipline or cross-discipline. Its theories, models and methods can add value in a variety of fields.

Both systems research and systems practice can be, but need not br, mulitdisciplinary. This term is probably best saved to refer to the personnel and practice, rather than the substance, of the research itself. 

Systems research can be interdisciplinary especially when it concerns itself with gaining knowledge of systems in their own right. On the other hand, as we know, systems research can equally be found in the individual disciplines, providing sustenance for their environment.

Finally, just as systems thinking is not a meta-discipline, not is it meta-paradigmatic. it does not exist "above" the paradigms; in fact, its main ideas are interpreted differently according to the paradigm from which they are viewed. Rather, systems thinking seems to possess a particular role, through the methodologies it is able to provide, in ensuring the findings of particular paradigms can be put into practice. It is transparadigmatic, serving each paradigm by enabling the social theory found within it to have practical relevance.

Jackson, Michael (2000). Systems Approaches to Management. Kluwer Academic / Plenum Publishers. P100.